The Swiss Civil Code (ZGB) is the most important code in Swiss private law. It regulates legal relations between private individuals and includes, among other things, provisions on personal law, family law, inheritance law, property law and the Law of Obligations. The Civil Code was adopted in 1907 and has been revised several times since then. It is divided into five books, each of which covers different areas of law. Among other things, the Civil Code defines the rights and obligations that persons have in various life situations, such as marriage, divorce, inheritance or conclusion of a contract. It forms the basis for everyday life and business in Switzerland and is of great importance for lawyers, judges and citizens.
The articles ZGB
| Art. 1 IntroductionA. Application of the law |
| Art. 2 B. Scope and limits of legal relationshipsI. Acting in good faith |
| Art. 3 II. Good faith |
| Art. 4 |
| Art. 5 C. Federal law and cantonal lawI. Cantonal civil law and local custom |
| Art. 6 II. Cantonal public law |
| Art. 7 D. General provisions of the Code of Obligations |
| Art. 8 E. Rules of evidenceI. Burden of proof |
| Art. 9 II. Proof by public document |
| Art. 10 |
| Art. 11 Chapter One: Legal PersonalityA. Personality in generalI. Legal capacity |
| Art. 12 II. Capacity to act1. Nature |
| Art. 13 2. Requirementsa. In general |
| Art. 14 b. Majority |
| Art. 15 c. ... |
| Art. 16 d. Capacity of judgement |
| Art. 17 III. Incapacity1. In general |
| Art. 18 2. Lack of capacity of judgement |
| Art. 19 |
| Art. 19a b. Consent of the legal representative |
| Art. 19b c. Absence of consent |
| Art. 19c 4. Strictly personal rights |
| Art. 19d IIIbis. Restriction of the capacity to act |
| Art. 20 1. Blood kinship |
| Art. 21 2. Kinship by marriage |
| Art. 22 V. Place of origin and domicile1. Origin |
| Art. 23 2. Domicilea. Definition |
| Art. 24 b. Change of domicile, temporary residence |
| Art. 25 |
| Art. 26 d. Persons in institutions |
| Art. 27 |
| Art. 28 II. Against infringements1. Principle |
| Art. 28a |
| Art. 28b b. Violence, threats or harassment |
| Art. 28c c. Electronic monitoring |
| Art. 28 3. ... |
| Art. 28g |
| Art. 28h b. Form and content |
| Art. 28i c. Procedure |
| Art. 28k d. Publication |
| Art. 28l e. Recourse to the courts |
| Art. 29 III. Right to use one’s name1. Protection of one’s name |
| Art. 30 |
| Art. 30a b. On the death of a spouse |
| Art. 30b IV. In relation to sex |
| Art. 31 C. Beginning and end of personality rightsI. Birth and death |
| Art. 32 II. Proof1. Burden of proof |
| Art. 33 2. Evidencea. In general |
| Art. 34 b. Presumption of death |
| Art. 35 III. Declaration of presumed death1. In general |
| Art. 36 2. Procedure |
| Art. 37 3. Failure of application |
| Art. 38 4. Effect |
| Art. 39 A. RegistersI. In general |
| Art. 40 |
| Art. 41 III. Proof of undisputed information |
| Art. 42 IV. Rectification1. By court order |
| Art. 43 2. By the register authorities |
| Art. 43a V. Data protection and disclosure |
| Art. 44 B. OrganisationI. Civil register authorities1. Civil registrars |
| Art. 45 2. Supervisory authorities |
| Art. 45a Ia. Central civil information system |
| Art. 46 II. Liability |
| Art. 47 III. Disciplinary measures |
| Art. 48 C. Implementing provisionsI. Federal law |
| Art. 49 II. Cantonal law |
| Art. 50 |
| Art. 52 Title Two: Legal EntitiesChapter One: General ProvisionsA. Legal personality |
| Art. 53 B. Legal capacity |
| Art. 54 C. Capacity to actI. Requirements |
| Art. 55 II. Action on behalf of the legal entity |
| Art. 56 D. Seat |
| Art. 57 E. DissolutionI. Application of assets |
| Art. 58 II. Liquidation |
| Art. 59 F. Reservation of public law and company law |
| Art. 60 Chapter Two: AssociationsA. FormationI. Corporate group of persons |
| Art. 61 |
| Art. 61a IIa. List of members |
| Art. 62 III. Associations lacking legal personality |
| Art. 63 IV. Relationship between articles of association and the law |
| Art. 64 B. OrganisationI. General meeting1. Function, convening of meetings |
| Art. 65 2. Powers |
| Art. 66 3. Resolutionsa. Form |
| Art. 67 b. Voting rights and majority |
| Art. 68 c. Exclusion from voting |
| Art. 69 |
| Art. 69a 2. Accounting |
| Art. 69b III. Auditors |
| Art. 69c IV. Organisational defects |
| Art. 69d Bbis. Imminent insolvency and overindebtedness |
| Art. 70 C. MembershipI. Admission, resignation |
| Art. 71 II. Duty to pay subscriptions |
| Art. 72 III. Exclusion |
| Art. 73 IV. Status of former members |
| Art. 74 V. Protection of the objects of the association |
| Art. 75 VI. Protection of members |
| Art. 75a Cbis. Liability |
| Art. 76 D. DissolutionI. Manner of dissolution1. By resolution |
| Art. 77 2. By operation of law |
| Art. 78 3. By court order |
| Art. 79 II. Deletion from the commercial register |
| Art. 80 Chapter Three: FoundationsA. FormationI. In general |
| Art. 81 II. Form of establishment |
| Art. 82 III. Challenge |
| Art. 83 B. OrganisationI. In general |
| Art. 83a II. Bookkeeping |
| Art. 83b III. Auditors1. Duty of audit and applicable law |
| Art. 83c 2. Supervisory authority |
| Art. 83d IV. Organisational defects |
| Art. 84 C. Supervision |
| Art. 84a Cbis. Imminent insolvency and overindebtedness |
| Art. 84b Cter. Disclosure of remuneration |
| Art. 85 D. Modification of the foundationI. Reorganisation |
| Art. 86 |
| Art. 86a 2. At the founder’s request or in accordance with his testamentary disposition |
| Art. 86b III. Minor amendments to the charter |
| Art. 87 E. Family and ecclesiastical foundations |
| Art. 88 F. Dissolution and deletion from the registerI. Dissolution by the competent authority |
| Art. 89 II. Right to apply for dissolution, deletion from the register |
| Art. 89a |
| Art. 89b A. No management |
| Art. 89c B. Jurisdiction |
| Art. 90 Chapter One: EngagementA. Betrothal |
| Art. 91 B. Ending the engagementI. Gifts |
| Art. 92 II. Duty to contribute |
| Art. 93 III. Prescription |
| Art. 94 Chapter Two: Requirements for MarriageA. Capacity to marry |
| Art. 95 |
| Art. 96 II. Previous marriage or registered partnership |
| Art. 97 Chapter Three: Preparation and Wedding CeremonyA. General principles |
| Art. 97a Abis. Circumvention of the legislation on foreign nationals |
| Art. 98 B. Preparatory procedureI. Request |
| Art. 99 II. Conduct and completion of the preparatory procedure |
| Art. 100 III. Time limits |
| Art. 101 C. Wedding ceremonyI. Venue |
| Art. 102 II. Form |
| Art. 103 D. Implementing provisions |
| Art. 104 Chapter Four: Annulment of MarriageA. General principle |
| Art. 105 B. Annulment not subject to a time limitI. Grounds |
| Art. 106 II. Action for annulment |
| Art. 107 C. Annulment subject to a time limitI. Grounds |
| Art. 108 II. Action for annulment |
| Art. 109 D. Effects of judgment |
| Art. 110 |
| Art. 111 Chapter One: Requirements for DivorceA. Divorce by joint requestI. Comprehensive agreement |
| Art. 112 II. Partial agreement |
| Art. 113 |
| Art. 114 B. Divorce at the petition of one spouseI. After living apart |
| Art. 115 II. Irretrievable breakdown |
| Art. 116 |
| Art. 117 Chapter Two: SeparationA. Requirements and procedure |
| Art. 118 B. Effects of separation |
| Art. 119 Chapter Three: Consequences of DivorceA. Civil status of divorced spouses |
| Art. 120 B. Marital property law and inheritance law |
| Art. 121 C. Family home |
| Art. 122 D. Occupational pensionsI. Principle |
| Art. 123 II. Equitable division of termination benefits |
| Art. 124 III. Equitable division of invalidity pension prior to statutory retirement age |
| Art. 124a IV. Equitable division in the case of invalidity pensions after statutory retirement age and in the case of retirement pensions |
| Art. 124b V. Exceptions |
| Art. 124c VI. Offset of mutual entitlements |
| Art. 124d VII. Unreasonableness |
| Art. 124e VIII. Impossibility |
| Art. 125 E. Post-marital maintenanceI. Requirements |
| Art. 126 II. Modalities of maintenance contributions |
| Art. 127 III. Regular payments1. Special terms |
| Art. 128 2. Adjustment for inflation |
| Art. 129 3. Adjustment by court order |
| Art. 130 4. Expiry by law |
| Art. 131 IV. Enforcement1. Enforcement assistance |
| Art. 131a 2. Advance payments |
| Art. 132 |
| Art. 133 F. ChildrenI. Parental rights and obligations |
| Art. 134 II. Change of circumstances |
| Art. 135149 |
| Art. 150158 |
| Art. 159 A. Marital union; rights and duties of spouses |
| Art. 160 B. Surname |
| Art. 161 C. Cantonal and communal citizenship |
| Art. 162 D. Marital home |
| Art. 163 E. Maintenance of the familyI. In general |
| Art. 164 II. Allowance for personal use |
| Art. 165 III. Extraordinary contributions by one spouse |
| Art. 166 F. Representation of the marital union |
| Art. 167 G. Spouses’ career or business |
| Art. 168 H. Transactions by the spousesI. In general |
| Art. 169 II. Family home |
| Art. 170 J. Duty to inform |
| Art. 171 K. Protection of the marital unionI. Counselling agencies |
| Art. 172 II. Court measures1. In general |
| Art. 173 2. While living togethera. Financial contributions |
| Art. 174 b. Revocation of powers of representation |
| Art. 175 3. Suspension of joint householda. Grounds |
| Art. 176 b. Arrangements for living apart |
| Art. 176a 4. Enforcementa. Enforcement assistance and advance payments |
| Art. 177 |
| Art. 178 5. Restriction of power to dispose of assets |
| Art. 179 |
| Art. 180 |
| Art. 181 Chapter One: General ProvisionsA. Ordinary property regime |
| Art. 182 B. Marital agreementI. Choice of regime |
| Art. 183 II. Capacity to enter into an agreement |
| Art. 184 III. Form of the agreement |
| Art. 185 C. Extraordinary property regimeI. At the request of one spouse1. By court order |
| Art. 186 2. ... |
| Art. 187 3. Revocation |
| Art. 188 II. In the event of bankruptcy or distraint1. Bankruptcy |
| Art. 189 2. Distrainta. By court order |
| Art. 190 |
| Art. 191 3. Revocation |
| Art. 192 III. Liquidation of the previous marital property regime |
| Art. 193 D. Protection of creditors |
| Art. 194 E. ... |
| Art. 195 F. Management of one spouse’s assets by the other |
| Art. 195a G. Inventory |
| Art. 196 A. OwnershipI. Categories |
| Art. 197 II. Acquired property |
| Art. 198 III. Individual property1. By operation of law |
| Art. 199 2. By marital agreement |
| Art. 200 IV. Proof |
| Art. 201 B. Management, benefits and power of disposal |
| Art. 202 C. Liability toward third parties |
| Art. 203 D. Debts between spouses |
| Art. 204 E. Dissolution of the property regime and liquidationI. Time of dissolution |
| Art. 205 II. Taking back property and settling debts1. In general |
| Art. 206 2. Participation in increased value |
| Art. 207 III. Calculating the surplus for each spouse1. Separation of acquired property and individual property |
| Art. 208 2. Additions |
| Art. 209 3. Compensation operations between acquired property and individual property |
| Art. 210 4. Surplus |
| Art. 211 IV. Valuation1. Market value |
| Art. 212 2. Capitalised valuea. In general |
| Art. 213 b. Special circumstances |
| Art. 214 3. Defining juncture |
| Art. 215 V. Share of the surplus1. By law |
| Art. 216 2. By agreementa. In general |
| Art. 217 b. On divorce, separation, annulment of the marriage or separation of property by court order |
| Art. 218 VI. Payment of the participation claim and the share of the increased value1. Deferred payment |
| Art. 219 2. Home and household effects |
| Art. 220 3. Claims against third parties |
| Art. 221 Chapter Three: Community of PropertyA. OwnershipI. Categories |
| Art. 222 II. Common property1. General community of property |
| Art. 223 2. Limited community of propertya. Community restricted to acquired property |
| Art. 224 b. Further community of property regimes |
| Art. 225 III. Individual property |
| Art. 226 IV. Proof |
| Art. 227 B. Management and power of disposalI. Common property1. Everyday housekeeping |
| Art. 228 2. Extraordinary housekeeping |
| Art. 229 3. Use of common property for professional or business purposes |
| Art. 230 4. Renunciation and acceptance of inheritances |
| Art. 231 5. Liability and management costs |
| Art. 232 II. Individual property |
| Art. 233 C. Liability toward third partiesI. Full liability |
| Art. 234 II. Individual liability |
| Art. 235 D. Debts between spouses |
| Art. 236 E. Dissolution of the property regime and liquidationI. Time of dissolution |
| Art. 237 II. Allocation to individual property |
| Art. 238 III. Compensation operations between joint and individual property |
| Art. 239 IV. Participation in increased value |
| Art. 240 V. Valuation |
| Art. 241 VI. Division1. On death or implementation of a different marital property regime |
| Art. 242 2. In other cases |
| Art. 243 VII. Division of the property1. Individual property |
| Art. 244 2. Home and household effects |
| Art. 245 3. Other assets |
| Art. 246 4. Further provisions |
| Art. 247 Chapter Four: Separation of PropertyA. Management, benefits and power of disposalI. In general |
| Art. 248 II. Proof |
| Art. 249 B. Liability toward third parties |
| Art. 250 C. Debts between spouses |
| Art. 251 D. Allocation of property in co-ownership |
| Art. 252 A. Formation of parent-child relationship in general |
| Art. 253 B. ... |
| Art. 254 |
| Art. 255 |
| Art. 255a II. Parental status of the wife |
| Art. 256 |
| Art. 256a II. Grounds for challenge1. In the case of conception in wedlock |
| Art. 256b 2. In the case of conception before marriage or while spouses were living apart |
| Art. 256c III. Time limits |
| Art. 257 C. Conflict of presumptions |
| Art. 258 D. Challenge by the parents |
| Art. 259 E. Marriage of the parents |
| Art. 260 A. RecognitionI. Admissibility and form |
| Art. 260a II. Challenge1. Right to challenge |
| Art. 260b 2. Grounds |
| Art. 260c 3. Time limits |
| Art. 261 B. Action to determine paternityI. Right to bring the action |
| Art. 262 II. Presumption |
| Art. 263 III. Time limits |
| Art. 264 A. Adoption of minorsI. General requirements |
| Art. 264a II. Joint adoption |
| Art. 264b III. Adoption by a single person |
| Art. 264c IV. Adoption of a stepchild |
| Art. 264d V. Difference in age |
| Art. 265 VI. Consent of the child and the child protection authority |
| Art. 265a 1. Form |
| Art. 265b 2. Time of consent |
| Art. 265c 3. Dispensing with consenta. Requirements |
| Art. 265d b. Decision |
| Art. 266 B. Adoption of an adult |
| Art. 267 C. EffectsI. In general |
| Art. 267a II. Name |
| Art. 267b III. Citizenship |
| Art. 268 |
| Art. 268a II. Investigation |
| Art. 268abis III. Hearing for the child |
| Art. 268ater IV. Representation for the child |
| Art. 268aquater V. Taking account of the attitude of family members |
| Art. 268b |
| Art. 268c |
| Art. 268d |
| Art. 268e |
| Art. 269 E. ChallengeI. Grounds1. Lack of consent |
| Art. 269a 2. Other defects |
| Art. 269b II. Time limits |
| Art. 269c F. Adoption agency services |
| Art. 270 A. Family surnameI. Child of married parents |
| Art. 270a II. Child of unmarried parents |
| Art. 270b III. Consent of the child |
| Art. 271 B. Citizenship |
| Art. 272 C. Support and common welfare |
| Art. 273 D. ContactI. Parents and children1. Principle |
| Art. 274 2. Restrictions |
| Art. 274a II. Third parties |
| Art. 275 III. Responsible authorities |
| Art. 275a E. Right to information |
| Art. 276 |
| Art. 276a II. Precedence of maintenance for minors |
| Art. 277 B. Duration |
| Art. 278 C. Married parents |
| Art. 279 |
| Art. 280284 II. and III. ... |
| Art. 285 IV. Amount of child maintenance contribution1. Parents’ contribution |
| Art. 285a 2. Other payments for maintenance of the child |
| Art. 286 |
| Art. 286a 2. Shortfalls |
| Art. 287 E. Maintenance agreementsI. Regular payments |
| Art. 287a II. Scope of a maintenance agreement |
| Art. 288 III. Final settlement Originally No II. |
| Art. 289 F. FulfilmentI. Entitlement |
| Art. 290 II. Enforcement1. Enforcement assistance |
| Art. 291 2. Directions to debtors |
| Art. 292 III. Security |
| Art. 293 G. Public law |
| Art. 294 H. Foster parents |
| Art. 295 J. Rights of the unmarried mother |
| Art. 296 A. Principles |
| Art. 297 Abis. Death of a parent |
| Art. 298 Ater. Divorce and other marital proceedings |
| Art. 298a Aquater. Recognition and court declaration of paternityI. Joint declaration by the parents |
| Art. 298b II. Decision of the child protection authority |
| Art. 298c III. Paternity action |
| Art. 298d IV. Change in circumstances |
| Art. 298e Aquinquies. Change in the situation after the adoption of a stepchild in a cohabitation relationship |
| Art. 299 |
| Art. 300 |
| Art. 301 B. ScopeI. In general |
| Art. 301a II. Deciding on the place of residence |
| Art. 302 |
| Art. 303 |
| Art. 304 |
| Art. 305 |
| Art. 306 2. Within the family community |
| Art. 307 C. Child protectionI. Appropriate measures |
| Art. 308 |
| Art. 309 |
| Art. 310 |
| Art. 311 |
| Art. 312 |
| Art. 313 V. Change in circumstances |
| Art. 314 VI. Procedure1. General |
| Art. 314a 2. Hearing for the child |
| Art. 314abis 3. Representation for the child |
| Art. 314b 4. Committal to a secure institution or psychiatric hospital |
| Art. 314c 5. Right to notify |
| Art. 314d 6. Duty to notify |
| Art. 314e 7. Cooperation and administrative assistance |
| Art. 315 |
| Art. 315a 2. In marital proceedingsa. Jurisdiction of the court |
| Art. 315b b. Amendment of court orders |
| Art. 316 VIII. Supervision of foster children |
| Art. 317 IX. Cooperation in youth support |
| Art. 318 A. Management |
| Art. 319 B. Use of income |
| Art. 320 C. Drawing on the child’s assets |
| Art. 321 D. Freely disposable property of the childI. Endowments |
| Art. 322 II. Statutory entitlement |
| Art. 323 III. Employment income, professional and business assets |
| Art. 324 E. Protection of the child’s propertyI. Appropriate measures |
| Art. 325 II. Withdrawal of management |
| Art. 326 F. End of asset managementI. Return of property |
| Art. 327 II. Liability |
| Art. 327a A. Principle |
| Art. 327b B. Legal statusI. Of the child |
| Art. 327c II. Of the guardian |
| Art. 328 Title Nine: Family CommunityChapter One: Duty of AssistanceA. Persons obliged to lend assistance |
| Art. 329 |
| Art. 330 C. Maintenance of foundlings |
| Art. 331 Chapter Two: Authority within the HouseholdA. Requirement |
| Art. 332 B. EffectI. House rules and welfare |
| Art. 333 II. Liability |
| Art. 334 III. Claims of children and grandchildren1. Requirements |
| Art. 334bis 2. Asserting claims |
| Art. 335 Chapter Three: Family PropertyA. Family foundations |
| Art. 336 B. Ownership in undivided sharesI. Formation1. Authority |
| Art. 337 2. Form |
| Art. 338 II. Duration |
| Art. 339 III. Effect1. Type of ownership |
| Art. 340 2. Management and representationa. In general |
| Art. 341 b. Manager's powers |
| Art. 342 3. Common property and personal property |
| Art. 343 IV. Dissolution1. Grounds |
| Art. 344 2. Notice, insolvency, marriage |
| Art. 345 3. Death of a co-owner |
| Art. 346 4. Division |
| Art. 347 V. Revenue-generating co-ownership1. Nature |
| Art. 348 2. Special grounds for dissolution |
| Art. 349358 |
| Art. 359 |
| Art. 360 Section One: Own Arrangements for CareSubsection One: The Advance Care DirectiveA. Principle |
| Art. 361 B. Execution and revocationI. Execution |
| Art. 362 II. Revocation |
| Art. 363 C. Decision on effectiveness and acceptance |
| Art. 364 D. Interpretation and clarification |
| Art. 365 E. Fulfilment |
| Art. 366 F. Remuneration and expenses |
| Art. 367 G. Termination |
| Art. 368 H. Intervention by the adult protection authority |
| Art. 369 I. Regaining the capacity of judgement |
| Art. 370 Subsection Two: The Patient DecreeA. Principle |
| Art. 371 B. Execution and revocation |
| Art. 372 C. Loss of capacity of judgement |
| Art. 373 D. Intervention by the adult protection authority |
| Art. 374 Representation by the Spouse or Registered Partner |
| Art. 375 B. Exercise of the right to act as representative |
| Art. 376 C. Intervention by the adult protection authority |
| Art. 377 Representation in relation to Medical Procedures |
| Art. 378 B. The representative |
| Art. 379 C. Urgent cases |
| Art. 380 D. Treatment of a mental disorder |
| Art. 381 E. Intervention by the adult protection authority |
| Art. 382 Stays in Residential or Care Institutions |
| Art. 383 B. Restriction of freedom of movementI. Requirements |
| Art. 384 II. Records and Information |
| Art. 385 III. Intervention by the adult protection authority |
| Art. 386 C. Protection of privacy |
| Art. 387 D. Supervision of residential and care institution |
| Art. 388 Title Eleven: Official MeasuresSection One: General PrinciplesA. Aim |
| Art. 389 B. Subsidiarity and proportionality |
| Art. 390 Section Two: The DeputyshipSub-Section One: General ProvisionsA. Requirements |
| Art. 391 B. Scope of responsibilities |
| Art. 392 C. Dispensing with a deputyship |
| Art. 393 Sub-Section Two: Types of DeputyshipA. Assistance deputyship |
| Art. 394 B. Representative deputyshipI. In general |
| Art. 395 II. Asset management |
| Art. 396 C. Advisory deputyship |
| Art. 397 D. Combination of deputyships |
| Art. 398 E. General deputyship |
| Art. 399 Sub-Section Three: End of the Deputyship |
| Art. 400 Sub-Section Four: The DeputyA. AppointmentI. General requirements |
| Art. 401 II. Wishes of the client or his or her closely associated persons |
| Art. 402 III. Appointment of two or more persons |
| Art. 403 B. Incapacity and conflict of interests |
| Art. 404 C. Remuneration and expenses |
| Art. 405 Sub-Section Five: Deputyship TasksA. Assumption of office |
| Art. 406 B. Relationship with the client |
| Art. 407 C. Client's autonomy |
| Art. 408 D. Asset managementI. Tasks |
| Art. 409 II. Personal allowance |
| Art. 410 III. Accounts |
| Art. 411 E. Reporting |
| Art. 412 F. Special transactions |
| Art. 413 G. Duties of care and confidentiality |
| Art. 414 H. Amendment of conditions |
| Art. 415 Role of the Adult Protection Authority |
| Art. 416 B. Transactions requiring consentI. By law |
| Art. 417 II. By order |
| Art. 418 III. Lack of consent |
| Art. 419 Intervention by the Adult Protection Authority |
| Art. 420 Special Provisions for Family Members |
| Art. 421 Termination of the Office of Deputy |
| Art. 422 B. DischargeI. At the deputy's request |
| Art. 423 II. Other cases |
| Art. 424 C. Continuation of transactions |
| Art. 425 D. Final report and final accounts |
| Art. 426 Section Three: Care-Related HospitalisationA. The measuresI. Hospitalisation for treatment or care |
| Art. 427 II. Detention of persons admitted voluntarily |
| Art. 428 B. Responsibility for hospitalisation and dischargeI. Adult protection authority |
| Art. 429 II. Doctors1. Responsibility |
| Art. 430 2. Procedures |
| Art. 431 C. Regular review |
| Art. 432 D. Authorised representative |
| Art. 433 E. Medical measures in the case of a mental disorderI. Treatment plan |
| Art. 434 II. Treatment without consent |
| Art. 435 III. Emergencies |
| Art. 436 IV. Pre-discharge interview |
| Art. 437 V. Cantonal law |
| Art. 438 F. Measures restricting freedom of movement |
| Art. 439 G. Petition to the court |
| Art. 440 Title Twelve: OrganisationSection One: Authorities and Local JurisdictionA. Adult protection authority |
| Art. 441 B. Supervisory authority |
| Art. 442 C. Local jurisdiction |
| Art. 443 Before the Adult Protection Authority |
| Art. 444 B. Verification of jurisdiction |
| Art. 445 C. Precautionary measures |
| Art. 446 D. Procedural principles |
| Art. 447 E. Hearing |
| Art. 448 F. Obligations to cooperate and administrative assistance |
| Art. 449 G. Assessment in an institution |
| Art. 449a H. Appointment of a representative |
| Art. 449b I. Inspection of files |
| Art. 449c J. Notification duty |
| Art. 450 Sub-section Two: Before the Appellate AuthorityA. Object and right of appeal |
| Art. 450a B. Grounds of appeal |
| Art. 450b C. Deadline for filing the appeal |
| Art. 450c D. Suspensive effect |
| Art. 450d E. Consultation with the lower instance and reconsideration |
| Art. 450e F. Special provisions in the case of care-related hospitalisation |
| Art. 450f Sub-Section Three: Joint Provision |
| Art. 450g Sub-Section Four: Enforcement |
| Art. 451 Relationship with Third parties and Duty of Cooperation |
| Art. 452 B. Effect of the measures on third parties |
| Art. 453 C. Duty of cooperation |
| Art. 454 Section Four: AccountabilityA. Principle |
| Art. 455 B. Prescription |
| Art. 456 C. Liability under agency law |
| Art. 457 I. Issue |
| Art. 458 II. Parental line |
| Art. 459 III. Grandparental line |
| Art. 460 IV. Scope of succession rights |
| Art. 461 |
| Art. 462 B. Surviving spouses and registered partners |
| Art. 463464 C... |
| Art. 465 |
| Art. 466 D. State authority |
| Art. 467 Title Fourteen: Testamentary DispositionsSection One: Testamentary CapacityA. Wills |
| Art. 468 B. Contract of succession |
| Art. 469 C. Voidable dispositions |
| Art. 470 Section Two: Testamentary FreedomA. Disposable partI. Scope of testamentary powers |
| Art. 471 II. Statutory entitlement |
| Art. 472 III. Loss of the right to claim the statutory entitlement in divorce proceedings |
| Art. 473 IV. Usufruct |
| Art. 474 V. Calculation of the disposable part1. Deduction of debts |
| Art. 475 2. Inter vivos gifts |
| Art. 476 3. Insurance and restricted retirement savings |
| Art. 477 B. DisinheritanceI. Grounds |
| Art. 478 II. Effect |
| Art. 479 III. Burden of proof |
| Art. 480 IV. Disinheritance of an insolvent person |
| Art. 481 Section Three: Types of DispositionA. In general |
| Art. 482 B. Burdens and conditions |
| Art. 483 C. Naming of heirs |
| Art. 484 D. LegacyI. Nature |
| Art. 485 II. Duty on the obligor of the legacy |
| Art. 486 III. Relationship to the estate |
| Art. 487 E. Substitution |
| Art. 488 F. RemaindermenI. Designation of a remainderman |
| Art. 489 II. Time of delivery |
| Art. 490 III. Security |
| Art. 491 IV. Legal status1. Of the provisional heir |
| Art. 492 2. Of the remainderman |
| Art. 492a V. Issue lacking capacity of judgement |
| Art. 493 G. Foundations |
| Art. 494 H. Contracts of successionI. Contracts naming heirs and making legacies |
| Art. 495 II. Renunciation of inheritance1. Significance |
| Art. 496 2. Void renunciation |
| Art. 497 3. Rights of the creditors of the estate |
| Art. 498 A. WillsI. Drawing up a will1. In general |
| Art. 499 2. By public deeda. Formal requirements |
| Art. 500 b. Role of the public official |
| Art. 501 c. Role of the witnesses |
| Art. 502 d. Drawing up a will without the testator reading and signing it |
| Art. 503 e. Persons involved |
| Art. 504 f. Safekeeping of wills |
| Art. 505 3. Holographic will |
| Art. 506 4. Oral willa. Dispositions |
| Art. 507 b. Conversion into deed |
| Art. 508 c. Loss of validity |
| Art. 509 II. Revocation and destruction1. Revocation |
| Art. 510 2. Destruction |
| Art. 511 3. Subsequent wills |
| Art. 512 B. Contracts of successionI. Execution |
| Art. 513 II. Revocation1. Inter vivosa. By contract and by will |
| Art. 514 b. By withdrawal from the contract |
| Art. 515 2. Predeceased heir |
| Art. 516 C. Restriction of testamentary freedom |
| Art. 517 Section Five: ExecutorsA. Appointment of executors |
| Art. 518 B. Function of an executor |
| Art. 519 A. Action for declaration of invalidityI. On grounds of lack of testamentary capacity, lack of free will, unlawfulness or immorality |
| Art. 520 |
| Art. 520a 2. In holographic wills |
| Art. 521 III. Prescription |
| Art. 522 B. Action in abatementI. Requirements1. In general |
| Art. 523 2. Heirs with a statutory entitlement |
| Art. 524 3. Rights of creditors |
| Art. 525 II. Effect1. Of abatement in general |
| Art. 526 2. On specific legacies |
| Art. 527 3. On dispositions inter vivosa. Cases |
| Art. 528 b. Restitution |
| Art. 529 4. Insurance claims and restricted retirement savings |
| Art. 530 5. On usufruct and annuities |
| Art. 531 6. On naming of remaindermen |
| Art. 532 III. Order of abatement |
| Art. 533 IV. Prescription |
| Art. 534 Section Seven: Claims under Contracts of SuccessionA. Claims in respect of lifetime transfers |
| Art. 535 B. Hotchpot in the case of renunciation of inheritanceI. Abatement |
| Art. 536 II. Reimbursement |
| Art. 537 Division Two: SuccessionTitle Fifteen: Commencement of the Succession ProcessA. Requirements for the deceased |
| Art. 538 |
| Art. 539 C. Requirements for the heirsI. Capacity1. Legal capacity |
| Art. 540 2. Unworthiness to inherita. Grounds |
| Art. 541 b. Effect on issue |
| Art. 542 II. Capacity to inherit on succession1. As heir |
| Art. 543 2. As legatee |
| Art. 544 3. Unborn child |
| Art. 545 4. Remaindermen |
| Art. 546 D. Presumption of deathI. Inheriting from persons presumed dead1. Devolution against security |
| Art. 547 2. Annulment of presumption of death and restitution |
| Art. 548 II. Succession rights of persons presumed dead |
| Art. 549 III. Correlation of the two cases |
| Art. 550 IV. Procedure ex officio |
| Art. 551 Title Sixteen: Effect of SuccessionChapter One: Measures to Safeguard SuccessionA. In general |
| Art. 552 B. Sealing the estate |
| Art. 553 C. Inventory |
| Art. 554 D. Estate administratorsI. In general |
| Art. 555 II. In the case of unknown heirs |
| Art. 556 E. Probate proceedingsI. Duty to submit the will |
| Art. 557 II. Reading the will |
| Art. 558 III. Notification of interested parties |
| Art. 559 IV. Release of the estate |
| Art. 560 Chapter Two: Vesting of the EstateA. VestingI. Heirs |
| Art. 561 II. ... |
| Art. 562 III. Legatees1. Vesting |
| Art. 563 2. Object |
| Art. 564 3. Relationship between creditors and legatees |
| Art. 565 4. Abatement |
| Art. 566 B. DisclaimerI. Declaration1. Right to renounce |
| Art. 567 2. Time limita. In general |
| Art. 568 b. In the case of an inventory |
| Art. 569 3. Passing of right to disclaim |
| Art. 570 4. Form |
| Art. 571 II. Forfeiture of right to disclaim |
| Art. 572 III. Disclaimer by one co-heir |
| Art. 573 IV. Disclaimer by all the nearest heirs1. In general |
| Art. 574 2. Entitlement of surviving spouse |
| Art. 575 3. Disclaimer in favour of subsequent heirs |
| Art. 576 V. Extension of time limit |
| Art. 577 VI. Disclaimer of a legacy |
| Art. 578 VII. Security for the heir’s creditors |
| Art. 579 VIII. Liability in the event of disclaimer |
| Art. 580 Chapter Three: Public InventoryA. Requirements |
| Art. 581 B. ProcedureI. Inventory |
| Art. 582 II. Formal call to account |
| Art. 583 III. Inclusion ex officio |
| Art. 584 IV. Result |
| Art. 585 C. Situation of the heirs during the inventoryI. Administration |
| Art. 586 II. Debt enforcement, litigation, prescription |
| Art. 587 D. EffectI. Time limit for declaration of intention |
| Art. 588 II. Declaration of intention |
| Art. 589 III. Effects of acceptance subject to public inventory1. Liability as per inventory |
| Art. 590 2. Liability beyond the inventory |
| Art. 591 E. Liability for debts subject to a surety |
| Art. 592 F. Acquisition by a state authority |
| Art. 593 Chapter Four: Official LiquidationA. RequirementsI. At the request of an heir |
| Art. 594 II. At the request of the deceased’s creditors |
| Art. 595 B. ProcedureI. Administration |
| Art. 596 II. Ordinaryliquidation |
| Art. 597 III. Liquidation by the bankruptcy office |
| Art. 598 Chapter Five: Action for Recovery of InheritanceA. Requirements |
| Art. 599 B. Effect |
| Art. 600 C. Prescription |
| Art. 601 D. Action by a legatee |
| Art. 602 Chapter One: Community of Heirs prior to DivisionA. Effect of successionI. Community of heirs |
| Art. 603 II. Liability of the heirs |
| Art. 604 B. Right to division |
| Art. 605 C. Deferral of division |
| Art. 606 D. Claims of household members |
| Art. 607 Chapter Two: Method of DivisionA. In general |
| Art. 608 B. Instructions concerning the divisionI. Testamentary disposition |
| Art. 609 II. Assistance from the authorities |
| Art. 610 C. Performing the divisionI. Equal rights of heirs |
| Art. 611 II. Formation of lots |
| Art. 612 III. Allocation and sale of specific objects |
| Art. 612a IV. Allocation of the home and household effects to the surviving spouse |
| Art. 613 D. Special itemsI. Items that belong together, family documents |
| Art. 613a I.bis Agricultural inventory |
| Art. 614 II. Claims of the deceased against his or her heirs |
| Art. 615 III. Pledged estate property |
| Art. 616 |
| Art. 617 IV. Land1. Method of allocationa. Imputed value |
| Art. 618 b. Valuation procedure |
| Art. 619 V. Agricultural businesses and land |
| Art. 620625 |
| Art. 626 Chapter Three: HotchpotA. Hotchpot duty of the heirs |
| Art. 627 B. Hotchpot if heirs cease to be heirs |
| Art. 628 C. Calculation methodI. In kind or by imputation of value |
| Art. 629 II. Correlation with share of the estate |
| Art. 630 III. Hotchpot value |
| Art. 631 D. Education costs |
| Art. 632 E. Occasional gifts |
| Art. 633 |
| Art. 634 Chapter Four: Completion and Effect of DivisionA. AgreementI. Contract of division |
| Art. 635 II. Contracts regarding shares of the estate |
| Art. 636 III. Contracts prior to succession |
| Art. 637 B. Liability among co-heirsI. Warranty |
| Art. 638 II. Challenging the division |
| Art. 639 C. Liability toward third partiesI. Joint and several liability |
| Art. 640 II. Recourse against co-heirs |
| Art. 641 |
| Art. 641a II. Animals |
| Art. 642 B. Scope of ownershipI. Constituent parts |
| Art. 643 II. Natural fruits |
| Art. 644 III. Accessories1. Definition |
| Art. 645 2. Exclusions |
| Art. 646 C. Collective ownershipI. Co-ownership1. Relationship among co-owners |
| Art. 647 2. Use and administration rules |
| Art. 647a 3. Ordinary administration |
| Art. 647b 4. Major administrative acts |
| Art. 647c 5. Construction worka. Necessary work |
| Art. 647d b. Useful work |
| Art. 647e c. Works to improve appearance or convenience |
| Art. 648 6. Power of disposal over the object |
| Art. 649 7. Costs and expenses |
| Art. 649a |
| Art. 649b 9. Exclusion from collective ownershipa. Co-owners |
| Art. 649c b. Further entitled persons |
| Art. 650 10. Dissolutiona. Right to request division |
| Art. 651 b. Form of partition |
| Art. 651a c. Animals kept as pets |
| Art. 652 II. Joint ownership1. Prerequisites |
| Art. 653 2. Effect |
| Art. 654 3. Dissolution |
| Art. 654a III. Joint ownership of agricultural enterprises and land |
| Art. 655 |
| Art. 655a II. Dependent property |
| Art. 656 B. AcquisitionI. Registration |
| Art. 657 II. Types of acquisition1. Transfer |
| Art. 658 2. Appropriation |
| Art. 659 3. Formation of new land |
| Art. 660 |
| Art. 660a b. Constant ground displacement |
| Art. 660b c. Redrawing of boundaries |
| Art. 661 5. Adverse possessiona. Ordinary adverse possession |
| Art. 662 b. Extraordinary adverse possession |
| Art. 663 c. Time limits |
| Art. 664 6. Ownerless and public objects |
| Art. 665 III. Right to registration |
| Art. 666 C. Loss |
| Art. 666a D. Judicial measuresI. Where the owner cannot be found |
| Art. 666b II. In the absence of the required management bodies |
| Art. 667 Substance and Limitation of Land Ownership |
| Art. 668 II. Boundaries1. Type of boundary |
| Art. 669 2. Duty to establish boundaries |
| Art. 670 3. Co-ownership of boundary markers |
| Art. 671 1. Land and building materialsa. Ownership |
| Art. 672 b. Compensation |
| Art. 673 c. Assignment of land ownership |
| Art. 674 2. Encroaching buildings |
| Art. 675 3. Building right |
| Art. 676 4. Pipes, cables, conduits |
| Art. 677 5. Movable structures |
| Art. 678 IV. Plants grown on the parcel of land |
| Art. 679 |
| Art. 679a 2. Lawful management of the land |
| Art. 680 B. LimitationsI. In general |
| Art. 681 II. Restrictions on alienation; statutory right of pre-emption1. General principles |
| Art. 681a 2. Exercise |
| Art. 681b 3. Modification, waiver |
| Art. 682 |
| Art. 682a 5. Right of pre-emption of farms and farmland |
| Art. 683 |
| Art. 684 |
| Art. 685 2. Excavation and constructiona. Rule |
| Art. 686 b. Cantonal regulations |
| Art. 687 3. Plantsa. Rule |
| Art. 688 b. Cantonal regulations |
| Art. 689 4. Flowing waters |
| Art. 690 5. Drainage |
| Art. 691 6. Pipes, cables, conduitsa. Duty to permit |
| Art. 692 b. Safeguarding the interests of the servient landowner |
| Art. 693 c. Change of circumstances |
| Art. 694 7. Rights of waya. Necessary right of way |
| Art. 695 b. Other rights of way |
| Art. 696 c. Notation in the land register |
| Art. 697 8. Enclosure |
| Art. 698 9. Duty to maintain |
| Art. 699 IV. Right of access and to ward off danger1. Access |
| Art. 700 2. Retrieval of driftage and the like |
| Art. 701 3. Trespass to ward off danger or damage |
| Art. 702 V. Public law restrictions on ownership1. In general |
| Art. 703 2. Land improvements |
| Art. 704 C. Rights to springs and wellsI. Spring ownership and spring rights |
| Art. 705 II. Diversion of springs |
| Art. 706 III. Cutting off springs1. Damages |
| Art. 707 2. Restoration |
| Art. 708 IV. Community of spring owners |
| Art. 709 V. Use of springs |
| Art. 710 VI. Right to use an essential water source |
| Art. 711 VII. Duty to cede1. Water sources |
| Art. 712 2. Land |
| Art. 712a A. Definition and objectI. Definition |
| Art. 712b II. Object |
| Art. 712c III. Power of disposal |
| Art. 712d B. Creation and extinctionI. Deed of constitution |
| Art. 712e |
| Art. 712f III. Extinction |
| Art. 712g C. Administration and useI. Applicable provisions |
| Art. 712h II. Communal charges and costs1. Definition and distribution |
| Art. 712i 2. Liability for cost contributionsa. Statutory lien |
| Art. 712k b. Special lien |
| Art. 712l III. Community’s capacity to act |
| Art. 712m D. OrganisationI. Assembly of condominium owners1. Competence and legal status |
| Art. 712n 2. Convening and chairing meetings |
| Art. 712o 3. Voting rights |
| Art. 712p 4. Quorum |
| Art. 712q II. Administrator1. Appointment |
| Art. 712r 2. Removal |
| Art. 712s 3. Dutiesa. Implementation of provisions and resolutions concerning administration and use |
| Art. 712t b. External representation |
| Art. 713 Title Twenty: Chattel OwnershipA. Object |
| Art. 714 B. Forms of acquisitionI. Transfer1. Delivery of possession |
| Art. 715 2. Reservation of ownershipa. In general |
| Art. 716 b. Transactions involving payment by instalments |
| Art. 717 3. Acquisition without possession |
| Art. 718 II. Appropriation1. Ownerless chattels |
| Art. 719 2. Escaped animals |
| Art. 720 |
| Art. 720a b. Animals |
| Art. 721 2. Safekeeping and auction |
| Art. 722 3. Acquisition of ownership, return |
| Art. 723 4. Treasure trove |
| Art. 724 5. Objects of scientific value |
| Art. 725 IV. Driftage |
| Art. 726 V. Processing |
| Art. 727 VI. Joining and mixing chattels |
| Art. 728 VII. Adverse possession |
| Art. 729 C. Loss |
| Art. 730 Title Twenty-One: Easements and Real BurdensChapter One: EasementsA. Object |
| Art. 731 B. Creation and extinctionI. Creation1. Registration |
| Art. 732 2. Legal transaction |
| Art. 733 3. Creation in favour of own property |
| Art. 734 II. Extinction1. In general |
| Art. 735 2. Amalgamation |
| Art. 736 3. By court order |
| Art. 737 C. NatureI. Scope1. In general |
| Art. 738 2. As defined by land register entry |
| Art. 739 3. If needs change |
| Art. 740 4. Cantonal law and local custom |
| Art. 740a 5. In the case of two or more beneficiaries |
| Art. 741 II. Duty of maintenance |
| Art. 742 |
| Art. 743 IV. Partition of a property |
| Art. 744 |
| Art. 745 Chapter Two: Usufruct and other Personal ServitudesA. UsufructI. Object |
| Art. 746 II. Establishment1. In general |
| Art. 747 2. ... |
| Art. 748 III. Extinction1. Grounds |
| Art. 749 2. Duration |
| Art. 750 3. Replacement on extinction of usufruct |
| Art. 751 4. Returna. Duty |
| Art. 752 b. Liability |
| Art. 753 c. Costs |
| Art. 754 5. Prescription of compensation rights |
| Art. 755 IV. Scope1. Rights of the usufructuarya. In general |
| Art. 756 b. Natural fruits |
| Art. 757 c. Interest |
| Art. 758 d. Assignability |
| Art. 759 2. Rights of the ownera. Supervision |
| Art. 760 b. Security |
| Art. 761 c. Security in the case of gifts and statutory usufruct |
| Art. 762 d. Consequence of failure to provide security |
| Art. 763 3. Inventory |
| Art. 764 4. Costsa. Preservation of the object |
| Art. 765 b. Maintenance and administration |
| Art. 766 c. Duty to pay interest on usufruct of assets |
| Art. 767 d. Insurance |
| Art. 768 V. Special cases1. Landa. Fruits |
| Art. 769 b. Use |
| Art. 770 c. Woodland |
| Art. 771 d. Mines |
| Art. 772 2. Consumables and valued chattels |
| Art. 773 3. Claimsa. Scope |
| Art. 774 b. Repayments and reinvestment |
| Art. 775 c. Right to assignment |
| Art. 776 B. Right of residenceI. In general |
| Art. 777 II. Rights of the usufructuary |
| Art. 778 III. Maintenance costs |
| Art. 779 |
| Art. 779a II. Legal transaction |
| Art. 779b |
| Art. 779c IV. Consequences of expiry1. Reversion |
| Art. 779d 2. Compensation |
| Art. 779e |
| Art. 779f V. Premature reversion1. Prerequisites |
| Art. 779g 2. Exercising the right of reversion |
| Art. 779h 3. Other applicable cases |
| Art. 779i VI. Liability for remuneration for the right1. Right to establish a lien |
| Art. 779k 2. Registration |
| Art. 779l VII. Maximum duration |
| Art. 780 D. Right of access to water sources |
| Art. 781 E. Other servitudes |
| Art. 781a F. Judicial measures |
| Art. 782 Chapter Three: Real BurdensA. Object |
| Art. 783 B. Establishment and extinctionI. Establishment1. Registration and form of acquisition |
| Art. 784 2. Public law real burdens |
| Art. 785 |
| Art. 786 II. Extinction1. In general |
| Art. 787 2. Redemptiona. By the creditor |
| Art. 788 b. By the debtor |
| Art. 789 c. Redemption sum |
| Art. 790 3. Prescription |
| Art. 791 C. ScopeI. Creditor’s rights |
| Art. 792 II. Debt liability |
| Art. 793 Chapter One: General ProvisionsA. RequirementsI. Types |
| Art. 794 II. Form of the debt1. Amount |
| Art. 795 2. Interest |
| Art. 796 III. Immovable property1. Property subject to a charge |
| Art. 797 2. Specificationa. In the case of a single property |
| Art. 798 b. In the case of more than one property |
| Art. 798a 3. Agricultural properties |
| Art. 799 B. Creation and extinctionI. Creation1. Registration |
| Art. 800 2. In the case of joint ownership |
| Art. 801 II. Extinction |
| Art. 802 III. Charges on consolidated land1. Transfer of liens |
| Art. 803 2. Redemption by the debtor |
| Art. 804 3. Monetary compensation |
| Art. 805 C. EffectI. Extent of security |
| Art. 806 II. Rent |
| Art. 807 III. Prescription |
| Art. 808 1. In the event of a reduction in valuea. Court order and action by the creditor |
| Art. 809 b. Security, restoration, redemption |
| Art. 810 2. Depreciation without owner’s fault |
| Art. 811 3. Disposal of minor portions of the property |
| Art. 812 V. Further encumbrances |
| Art. 813 VI. Rank1. Effect of rank |
| Art. 814 2. Ranking |
| Art. 815 3. Vacant ranks |
| Art. 816 VII. Foreclosure1. Mode |
| Art. 817 2. Distribution of the proceeds |
| Art. 818 3. Extent of security |
| Art. 819 4. Security for maintenance costs |
| Art. 820 VIII. Lien in the case of land improvements1. Precedence |
| Art. 821 2. Extinction of debt and lien |
| Art. 822 IX. Entitlement to insurers’ payments |
| Art. 823 X. Untraceable creditor |
| Art. 824 Chapter Two: The Mortgage ContractA. Purpose and nature |
| Art. 825 B. Establishment and extinctionI. Establishment |
| Art. 826 II. Extinction1. Right to have entry deleted |
| Art. 827 2. Position of owner |
| Art. 828 3. Unilateral redemptiona. Conditions and procedure |
| Art. 829 b. Public auction |
| Art. 830 c. Official valuation |
| Art. 831 4. Termination |
| Art. 832 C. EffectI. Ownership and liability1. Alienation |
| Art. 833 |
| Art. 834 3. Notice of assumption of debt |
| Art. 835 II. Assignment of a debt |
| Art. 836 D. Statutory mortgage rightI. Under cantonal law |
| Art. 837 II. With entry1. Cases in point |
| Art. 838 2. Vendor, coheirs and coowners |
| Art. 839 3. Tradesmen and building contractorsa. Registration |
| Art. 840 b. Rank |
| Art. 841 c. Privileged claim |
| Art. 842 A. Mortgage certificateI. Purpose; Relationship with the debt arising from the basic relationship |
| Art. 843 II. Form |
| Art. 844 III. Position of owner |
| Art. 845 IV. Sale. Division |
| Art. 846 V. Mortgage certificate debt and ancillary agreements1. In general |
| Art. 847 2. Notice |
| Art. 848 VI. Protection of persons acting in good faith |
| Art. 849 VII. Objections by the debtor |
| Art. 850 VIII. Authorised person |
| Art. 851 IX. Place of payment |
| Art. 852 X. Changes in the legal relationship |
| Art. 853 XI. Discharge |
| Art. 854 XII. Extinction1. In the absence of a creditor |
| Art. 855 2. Deletion |
| Art. 856 XIII. Public call to creditors |
| Art. 857 B. Register mortgage certificateI. Establishment |
| Art. 858 II. Transfer |
| Art. 859 III. Pledging, distraint and usufruct |
| Art. 860 C. Mortgage certificate on paperI. Creation1. Registration |
| Art. 861 2. Document of title |
| Art. 862 II. Protection of persons acting in good faith |
| Art. 863 III. Creditor's rights1. Claims |
| Art. 864 2. Assignment |
| Art. 865 IV. Cancellation |
| Art. 866874 |
| Art. 875 Chapter Four: Issue of Bonds secured by a Mortgage RightA. Bond issues secured by a lien |
| Art. 876883 |
| Art. 884 A. PledgesI. Establishment1. Possession by pledgee |
| Art. 885 2. Pledge of livestock |
| Art. 886 3. Subordinate pledge |
| Art. 887 4. Further pledge by pledgee |
| Art. 888 II. Extinction1. Loss of possession |
| Art. 889 2. Return |
| Art. 890 3. Liability of the pledgee |
| Art. 891 III. Effect1. Rights of the pledgee |
| Art. 892 2. Scope of the general lien |
| Art. 893 3. Rank |
| Art. 894 4. Default agreements |
| Art. 895 B. Special lienI. Requirements |
| Art. 896 II. Exceptions |
| Art. 897 III. In the event of insolvency |
| Art. 898 IV. Effect |
| Art. 899 Chapter Two: Liens on Debts and Other RightsA. In general |
| Art. 900 B. EstablishmentI. In the case of ordinary claims |
| Art. 901 II. In the case of securities |
| Art. 902 III. In the case of documents of title to goods |
| Art. 903 IV. Subordinate pledge |
| Art. 904 C. EffectI. Extent of security |
| Art. 905 |
| Art. 906 III. Administration and payment |
| Art. 907 Chapter Three: PawnbrokingA. PawnbrokersI. Licensing |
| Art. 908 II. Duration of licence |
| Art. 909 B. PawningI. Establishment |
| Art. 910 II. Effect1. Sale of pawned chattel |
| Art. 911 2. Right to surplus |
| Art. 912 III. Redemption of the pawned chattel1. Right of redemption |
| Art. 913 2. Pawnbroker’s rights |
| Art. 914 C. Purchase with right of repurchase |
| Art. 915 D. Rules governing pawnbroking |
| Art. 916918 Chapter Four: ... |
| Art. 919 Title Twenty-Four: PossessionA. Definition and typesI. Definition |
| Art. 920 II. Direct and derivative possession |
| Art. 921 III. Temporary interruption |
| Art. 922 B. TransferI. Among parties present in person |
| Art. 923 II. Among absent persons |
| Art. 924 III. Without physical transfer |
| Art. 925 IV. In the case of documents of title to goods |
| Art. 926 C. Legal remediesI. Protection of possession1. Defence against interference |
| Art. 927 2. Action for restitution |
| Art. 928 3. Action for trespass |
| Art. 929 4. Admissibility and prescription |
| Art. 930 II. Remedies1. Presumption of ownership |
| Art. 931 2. Presumption of indirect ownership |
| Art. 932 3. Action against the possessor |
| Art. 933 4. Power of disposal and right of restitutiona. Entrusted objects |
| Art. 934 b. Stolen or lost chattels |
| Art. 935 c. Cash and bearer securities |
| Art. 936 d. Bad faith |
| Art. 937 5. Presumption of title to land |
| Art. 938 III. Liability1. Possessor in good faitha. Use |
| Art. 939 b. Indemnity |
| Art. 940 2. Possession in bad faith |
| Art. 941 IV. Adverse possession |
| Art. 942 A. OrganisationI. Constituent parts1. In general |
| Art. 943 2. Registered dataa. Object |
| Art. 944 b. Exceptions |
| Art. 945 3. Registersa. Main Register |
| Art. 946 b. Folio |
| Art. 947 c. Joint folio |
| Art. 948 d. Journal, supporting documents |
| Art. 949 |
| Art. 949a b. For electronic registers |
| Art. 949b 4a. Personal identifier in the land register |
| Art. 949c 4b. National immovable property search |
| Art. 949d 4c. Commissioning private individuals to use the electronic version of the land register |
| Art. 950 5. Official cadastral survey |
| Art. 951 II. Keeping the register1. Districtsa. Allocation to districts |
| Art. 952 b. Land straddling more than one district |
| Art. 953 2. Land register offices |
| Art. 954 3. Fees |
| Art. 955 |
| Art. 956 IV. Administrative supervision |
| Art. 956a V. Legal protection1. Right of appeal |
| Art. 956b 2. Appeal proceedings |
| Art. 957 |
| Art. 958 B. RegistrationI. Land register entries1. Ownership and rights in rem |
| Art. 959 2. Priority noticesa. Personal rights |
| Art. 960 b. Restrictions on powers of disposal |
| Art. 961 c. Provisional entries |
| Art. 961a d. Entry of subordinate rights |
| Art. 962 II. Noting1. Restrictions under public law |
| Art. 962a 2. Of representatives |
| Art. 963 III. Requirements for entry1. Applicationsa. For an entry |
| Art. 964 b. For a deletion |
| Art. 965 2. Authoritya. Valid proof of authority |
| Art. 966 b. Completion of application |
| Art. 967 IV. Manner of entry1. In general |
| Art. 968 2. For easements |
| Art. 969 V. Duty to notify |
| Art. 970 C. Public nature of land registerI. Information and right of consultation |
| Art. 970a II. Publication |
| Art. 971 D. EffectI. Need for an entry |
| Art. 972 II. Effect of entry1. In general |
| Art. 973 2. In relation to third parties acting in good faith |
| Art. 974 3. In relation to third parties acting in bad faith |
| Art. 974a E. Deletion and amendment of entriesI. Revision1. On the division of property |
| Art. 974b 2. In the case of the consolidation of parcels of land |
| Art. 975 |
| Art. 976 III. Simplified deletion1. Clearly insignificant entries |
| Art. 976a 2. Other entriesa. In general |
| Art. 976b b. On objection |
| Art. 976c 3. Public revision procedure |
| Art. 977 |
| Art. 1 A. General provisionsI. General rule of non-retroactive effect |
| Art. 2 II. Retroactive effect1. Public policy and good morals |
| Art. 3 2. Relationships defined by law |
| Art. 4 3. Non-vested rights |
| Art. 5 B. Law of personsI. Capacity to act |
| Art. 6 II. Presumed death |
| Art. 6a IIa. Central civil register database |
| Art. 6b |
| Art. 6bbis 1a. Associations that must be entered in the commercial register |
| Art. 6c 2. Accounting and auditors |
| Art. 6d IV. Protection of the individual against violence, threats or stalking |
| Art. 7 C. Family lawI. Marriage |
| Art. 7a Ibis. Divorce1. Principle |
| Art. 7b 2. Pending divorce proceedings |
| Art. 7c 3. Period of separation for pending divorce proceedings |
| Art. 7d 4. Occupational pension |
| Art. 7e 5. Conversion of existing pensions |
| Art. 8 Iter. Effects the marriage in general1. Principle |
| Art. 8a 2. Surname |
| Art. 8b 3. Citizenship |
| Art. 9 |
| Art. 9a 1. In general |
| Art. 9b 2. Change from a union of property to participation in acquired propertya. Change to the bodies of assets |
| Art. 9c b. Preferential right |
| Art. 9d c. Division of marital property under the new law |
| Art. 9e 3. Retention of the union of property regime |
| Art. 9f 4. Retention of separation of property by operation of law or by court order |
| Art. 9g 18 December 2020 |
| Art. 10 5. Marital agreementa. In general |
| Art. 10a b. Legal effect in relation to third parties |
| Art. 10b c. Application of the new law |
| Art. 10c d. Contractual separation of property according to previous law |
| Art. 10d e. Marital agreements concluded with a view to the new law coming into force |
| Art. 10e f. Register of marital property |
| Art. 11 6. Repayment of debts in the case of separation of assets under the law of marital property |
| Art. 11a 7. Protection of creditors |
| Art. 12 III. The parent-child relationship in general |
| Art. 12a IIIbis. Adoption1. Continuation of the previous law |
| Art. 12b 2. Pending proceedings |
| Art. 12c 3. Application of the new law |
| Art. 12cbis |
| Art. 12d IIIter. Contesting a declaration of legitimacy |
| Art. 13 IV. Paternity actions1. Pending actions |
| Art. 13a 2. New actions |
| Art. 13b IVbis. Time limit for declaring or challenging the parent-child relationship |
| Art. 13c 1. Existing maintenance titles2. Pending proceedings |
| Art. 13d IVquater. Name of the child |
| Art. 14 V. Adult protection1. Existing measures |
| Art. 14a 2. Pending proceedings |
| Art. 15 D. Succession lawI. Heirs and succession |
| Art. 16 II. Testamentary dispositions |
| Art. 17 E. Property lawI. Rights in rem in general |
| Art. 18 II. Right to entry in the land register |
| Art. 19 III. Adverse possession |
| Art. 20 IV. Special rights of ownership1. Trees on another person's land |
| Art. 20bis 2. Condominiuma. Original |
| Art. 20ter b. Converted |
| Art. 20quater c. Correction of the land registers |
| Art. 21 V. Easements |
| Art. 22 VI. Mortgage rights1. Recognition of the existing document of title |
| Art. 23 2. Creation of liens |
| Art. 24 3. Repayment of securities |
| Art. 25 4. Extent of liability under the lien |
| Art. 26 5. Rights and obligations from the mortgagea. In general |
| Art. 27 b. Rights to security |
| Art. 28 c. Termination, transfer |
| Art. 29 6. Ranking |
| Art. 30 7. Ranking positions |
| Art. 31 8. ... |
| Art. 33 9. Equal status of previous forms of lien with those under the new law |
| Art. 33a 10. Continued application of previous law to existing forms of lien |
| Art. 33b 11. Conversion the form of the mortgage certificate |
| Art. 34 VII. Charges on chattels1. Provisions on form |
| Art. 35 2. Effect |
| Art. 36 VIII. Special lien |
| Art. 37 IX. Possession |
| Art. 38 X. Land register1. Establishment of the land register |
| Art. 39 2. Official cadastral surveya. ... |
| Art. 40 b. Relation to the land register |
| Art. 41 c. Time schedule |
| Art. 42 |
| Art. 43 3. Registration of rights in rema. Procedure |
| Art. 44 b. Consequences of non-registration |
| Art. 45 4. Abolished rights |
| Art. 46 5. Postponement in the introduction of the land register |
| Art. 47 6. Introduction of the property law before the land register |
| Art. 48 7. Effect of cantonal forms |
| Art. 49 F. Prescription |
| Art. 50 G. Forms of contract |
| Art. 51 Chapter Two: Introductory and Transitional ProvisionsA. Repeal of cantonal civil law |
| Art. 52 B. Supplementary cantonal provisionsI. Rights and duties of the cantons |
| Art. 53 II. Substitute ordinances |
| Art. 54 C. Designation of competent authorities |
| Art. 55 |
| Art. 55a II. Electronic copies and legalisations |
| Art. 56 E. Allocation of water rights |
| Art. 57 F.–H. ... |
| Art. 58 J. Debt enforcement and bankruptcy |
| Art. 59 K. Application of Swiss and foreign law |
| Art. 60 L. Repeal of federal civil law |
| Art. 61 M. Final Provision |
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